Blue-flame oil-burner.



s. B. MORS S.

BLU-E FLAME OIL BURNER. APPLICATION HLED'DEOJ3, 1915.

Patented Feb. 29,1916.

STEPHEll B. MORSS, 0F RAHWAY, NEW JERSEY.

BLUE-FLAME OIL-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 29, 1916.

Application filed December 13, 1915. Serial No. 66,417.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat l. bi'rrnnn B Monss,

a citizen of the-United States, and resident.

of.Rahway, in the county of Union and State of New Jersey, have invented certa n men and useful Improvements Blue- Flame Oil-Burners, of which the ollowing of the character commonly produced by Bun sen burners, such as the wellknown blue flame, but from oil, such as kerosene, supplied to the burner by a Wick.

The main objects of my invention are to provide a burner which will produce an ,intense smokeless blue flame immediately upon ignition of the oil at the upper part of the wick that can be instantly turned up and out of the generating chamber of the burner without popping out, that is automaticallysupplied with the proper. quantity of air to produce a correct mixture of gas and air at all times whether the flame is turned high or low, and that is 1 free from oil seepage along the exposed part of the wick, and such a burner wherein the blue flame will not only be supplied with. air directed' along the outer and inner sides of the wick tubes, but with additional air directed to the base of the fiameserving to supply a right proportion of air-at all times to mm with thegas within the generating chamber, and to assist in forcing the burning m1xture out-of the generating and mixing chamber and overcoming the pressure of outside air which tends to prevent the escape of the combustible gases.

An advantage of my invention is that .it is adapted to be used with a mantle for producing illumination as well as without a finfiitlefor purposes of producing heat.

My invention comprises novel details of improvement and combinations of parts that will be more fully hereinafter set forth and then pointed out in the claims. I

Reference is to be. had to the accompanying drawings forming part hereof.

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a portion, of the lamp embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a detail side view of my improvedcone cap for the burner; Fig. 3 is a partly broken enlarged View of the exterior of the burner,

and Fig. 1-is a central section of my improved burner adapted for a heater.

Qimilar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several View 5.

At 1, 2, are indicated outer and inner wick tubes spaced apart for the reception of wick 3 therebetween. for communication with an oil font 4 in any suitable manner.

At 5 is indicated a shaft adapted to operate means for raising and lowering the wick in any desired manner, and at 6 is a perforated tube surrounding the wick tubes, and shown provided with a perforated top 7 to supply air outside of tube 1. Air may be supplied to the inside of tube 2 in a usual manner in burners having inner and outer wick tubes. 7

At 8 is an air distributor or thimble shown fitted within tube 2 and having side perforations at 9 above the top of the wick to direct air thereto from tube 2. The burner is shown provided with an outwardly disposed wall 10 having a centrally located neck 11 surrounding tube 1 and spaced therefrom, for the passage of air from the apertured top 7.

At 12 are supports or fingers rising from plate 10 adapted to support a chimney or wall 13 in an ordinary manner. Plate 10 is shown provided with spaced ridges or projections 14 upon which the chimney rests whereby air may pass under the lower edge of the chimney, between the latter and neck tral opening into which the air spreader 8 is shown projecting. The lower portion or skirt of cone cap 15 is shown surrounding the neck 11 to which the former is removably yet snugly fitted, whereby the cone cap is supported. At a point substantially opposite the top of the wick tubes and opposite to the base of the generating flame, cone c..-.p 15' is shown provided with a series of perforations 15 that are adapted to direct air fromethe space between the base of the per edge of cone cap 15 surrounding 'the central opening is shown outwardly flaring and the upper portion of air spreader or thimble 8 is also shown outwardly flared,

whereby a space is provided between said flaring portions adapted to direct the blue flame generated above the wick in a spreadout direction. The upper perforated portion of air spreader 8 is shown reduced in diameter at 8*, whereby the upper outwardly flaring perforated portion 8 and the lowerinwardly inclined perforated portion 8 are provided, whereby the thus contracted portion of the air spreader within the generating and mixing chamber serves as a baffle to the enerating flame, and rovides an increase space or chamber for t e latter to prevent pufling or popping out of the flame when the wick is turned up, and also permits of an easy and unchecked flow of the burning mixture up through and out of the upper pa'rtof the generating and mixing chamber.

At 16 is indicated a mantle shown supported by a wire frame 17 having its lower ends connected to a ring 18 that is adapted to fit removably and snugly at the lower skirt portion of the cone cap .15 whereby the mantle is sup orted over the flame.

An advantage 0? having the neck 11 in ringlike form receiving the skirt portion of the cone cap 15, and the latter adapted to receive the ring 18 of the mantle frame is that the parts are substantially fitted together to remain firmly set in use and may be readily detached and replaced.

In Fig. 4, wherein a construction is shown particularly adapted as a burner for a heater. a shell or wall 19 is shown inclosing and spaced from the cone cap, below. its openings 15*, shell or casing 19 being shown provided with a series of air inlet openings 19. the upper inwardly extending edge of shell 19 being shown in contact with cone cap 15, whereby air entering the space. between cap 15 and shell 19 through openings 19 is directed through openings 15 in the cone cap, to the base of the flame. In this form of burner also I have shown the upper part of air spreader 8 as provided with a solid plug 20 arranged at its upper part in an outward flaring manner similar to the outward flare of the portion 8 of the air spreader shown in Fig. 1 for a similar purpose. The plug 20 may be made of solid metal'which may be removable and which is peculiarly adapted for heating purposes alone.

When the wick is turned up from the wick tubes and lighted, the air flowing up through the chamber between the outer wick tube and the lower portion of cone cap 15 and through the inner wick tube and out through the perforations in spreader 8, commingles with gases arising from the wick, producing a burning mixture of gas and an in from the base of the chamber, which is needed when the flame is turned high, and

.an increased amount of gas is being generated due to the increased heat, to produce a true Bunsen or intense blue flame at all times, such extra supply of air through the openings 15" serving to assist in forcing the burning mixture out of the generating or mixing chamber, overcoming instantly the pressure of outside air which would tend to prevent the desiredescape of the burning blue flame. Such additional air entering the mixing chamber through the openings 15 also has the advantage of overcoming an excessive generation of gas in this class of'burners, occasioned upon the turning up of the wick and the increased heating of the burner, after the flame has been burning for-some time and due to the viscosity of the oil resulting in an increased oil supply at the top surface of the wick, my improvements overcoming the effect of too little air supply and supplying the requisite amount of additional air as required in order that a proportionate mixture of the gas and air may be obtained automatically at all times within the generating and mixing chamber regardless of the ordinary height of the wick above the tubes and the degree of heat within the chamber. Furthermore, by reason of the flaring edge 15 of the cone cap, and the flaring upper portion of the air spreader 8, a sort of flaring passage for the blue flame is provided, whereby the additional air entering the generating and mixing chamber through the openings 15 in line with the top surface of the wick tubes in the base of the flame results in a substantially instantaneous illumination of the mantle when the burning mixture is increased by turning upthe wick without the necessity of waiting for the burner to become sufiicientl heated to bring about an expansion of t e gas and air within the chamber to such a degree as to causethe successful forcing of the burning mixture, due to expansible force by reason of such heating, out of the chamber into the mantle, as is the case with some burners of this class known to me. My improvements also overcome the necessity of using an exceedingly high chimney such as customarily used on this class of burners to cause a draft to draw the burning mixture out of the mixing chamber. hence a lower chimney or one of ordinary height may be used.

Another improved advantage of my invention is that whereas in burners of this class as known to .me, the premature turning up of the wick after lighting it before the burner has become sufficiently heated to puffing and popping out. Another advantage is that the inlet of additional air through the openings 15 into the generating and mixing chamber substantially in liiie with the top surface of the wick tubes at the base of the generating flame, tends to prevent seepage of oil at that point, tending also to keep cool and moist the top surface of the wick, thereby overcoming in a large degree the charring of the wick and the consequent requirement for frequent cleaning of the wick top.

As shown in the drawings, an imperforate portion of the air spreader 8 extends slightly above the top surface of the wick tubes, in order that the air supply may be cut off from the wick on its inner surface, and partly on the top surface, to aid in the gencrating of gas and to keep the top surface of the wick at those portions moist, and reduce the requirement for cleaning the wick, mainly burning .on its outer edge, the oil brought to the top surface of the wick other than what is burning at the outer edge of i the wick being converted into gas, and adapted to be mixed with air for burning as a Bunsen or blue flame.

With a burner adapted for a heater as illustrated in Fig. 4Esubstantially the same characteristics pertain in producing the flame as previously described and ins ead of using a chimney 3 any suitable'outer shell or drum may surround the burner in an ordinary manner, for causing the required draft past the burner and for heating.

Having now described my invention what 4 I claim is I 1. A burner of the class describedcomprising inner and outer wick tubes with a wick therebetween, a perforated air spreader carried by the inner wick tube, a cone cap spacedfrom and surrounding the tubes and spreader providing a generating and mixmg chamber therebetween, the spreader having a perforated portion within and above the cone cap, means to admit air into the chamber from below, 'said cone cap be1ngprovided with openings opposed to the top ofthe wick tubes to admit additional air from the exterior of the chamber into the latter toward the base of the generating flame within said chamber. s

2. A burner of the class described, comprising inner and outer wick tubes with a wick therebetween, a perforated air spreader carried by the inner wick tube, a cone cap spaced from and surrounding the tubes and spreader providing a generating and,mixi n'g chamber therebetween, the spreader having a perforated portion within the cone cap, means to admit air into the chamber from ;below, said cone cap being provided with openings opposed to the top of the wick tubes to admit additional air from the exterior of the chamber into the latter toward the base of the generating flame within said chamber, said air spreader being provided at its top'with a heating block. 3. A burner of the class described'corm prising inner and outer wick tubes adapted to receive a wick therebetween, a cone cap surrounding said tubes providing a gener-' ating and mixing chamber therein, means to admit air between said tubes and cap to said chamber, said cap being provided with perforations opposed to the tops of the tubes to admit additional air to said chamber at the base of the flame, the upper edge of said cap being outwardly flared, and an air spreader.

4. A burner of the class 'desc ribed comprising inner and outer wick tubes adapted to receive a wick therebetween, a cone cap surrounding said tubes providing a generating and mixing chamber therein, means to admit air between said tubes and cap to said chamber, said cap being provided with perforations opposed to the tops of the tubes to admit additional air to said chamber at the base of the flame, the upper edge of said cap being outwardly flared, and an air spreader, the upper portion ofthe spreader being outwardly flaring.

5. A burner of the class described comprising inner and outer wick tubes adapted to receive a wick therebetween, a cone cap surrounding said tubes providing a generating and mixing chamber therein, means to admit air between said tubes and cap to said chamber, said cap being provided with perforations opposed to the tops of the tubes to admit additional air to said chamber at the base of the flame, the upper edge of said cap being outwardly flared, and an air spreader, the upper portion of the spreader being outwardly flaring, the adjacent portion of said spreader having a reduced portion, providrng upwardly and downwardly provided at its top With a heating block, the upper edge of said cone cap being outwardly flared.

Signed at New York city, in the county of 15 New York, and State of New York, this 7th dayof December, A. D. 1915.

STEPHEN B. MORSS.

Witnesses T. F. Bommn, MARIE F. VAINRIGHT.

Copies of this patent may be obtained-for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

